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                                             Present Tense

• There is only one present tense in Welsh. E.g. I play/am playing/do play are all conjugated as shown below
• Present tense is conjugated in “long form” = bod (conj.) + subj. + yn/’n + verbnoun
• The focus of this and all my grammar posts is spoken (particularly southern) Welsh
• Conjugations in brackets are most likely to be encountered in formal writing


Word order = bod (conj.) + subject + yn/’n + verbnoun
                    e.g. Dw + i + ‘n + cysgu = dwi’n cysgu
                           This can mean “I sleep”, “I am sleeping” and “I do sleep”


Affirmative - Someone/thing does/is

I am/do                                (ry)dw i*                      
You are/do (inf.)                   (rwyt) ti
You are/do (pol.)                  (ry)dych chi*
He/she/Tom is/does             mae (f)e/hi/Tom
The sing. noun is/does        mae’r sing. noun (e.g. plentyn)
We are/do                           (ry)dyn ni*
You are/do (pl.)                   (ry)dych chi*                 
They are/do                         maen nhw
The pl. noun are/do             mae’r pl. noun (e.g. plant)

* May also be heard with “d” omitted (where y becomes ŷ) in speech: e.g. wi/ŷch
  chi/ŷn ni

Examples - Bethan is singing = Mae Bethan yn canu
                   The child stands = Mae’r plentyn yn sefyll
                   We wait =  Ŷn ni’n aros

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